Zusammenfassung
Der Nutzen von Bewegung und körperlicher Aktivität in der Schwangerschaft ist mittlerweile unumstritten. Regelmäßige sportliche Betätigung unterstützt nicht nur die gesunde Lebensführung in der Schwangerschaft und das Wohlbefinden der werdenden Mutter, sondern kann wohl auch das Risiko für Gestationsdiabetes oder Präeklampsie verringern bzw. sich positiv auf den Verlauf dieser Erkrankungen auswirken. Der Geburtsverlauf scheint ebenso von körperlicher Aktivität während der Schwangerschaft zu profitieren wie die Gewichtsentwicklung der Mutter. Die fetale Entwicklung und Sicherheit erleben durch die körperliche Belastung der Schwangeren zumeist keine Einschränkung, sofern bei der Wahl der Sportart das individuelle Risikoprofil und das Gefährdungspotenzial der Sportart berücksichtigt werden. Dabei spielen nicht nur die Sportart, sondern auch Intensität und Dauer der sportlichen Betätigung eine bedeutende Rolle. Anhand der neuesten Ergebnisse und bestehenden Leitlinien soll ein praktischer Leitfaden zur Beratung der schwangeren Patientin gezeichnet werden.
Abstract
The benefits of sufficient exercise and physical activity in pregnancy are now indisputable. Exercise for pregnant women on a regular basis not only supports a healthy lifestyle in pregnancy and maternal well being, but might also influence the incidence of gestational diseases, such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. It might also have a positive effect on the course of these diseases. Vaginal delivery appears to be positively affected by physical activity in pregnancy just like gestational weight gain. Fetal development and safety remain free of any restrictions provided that the choice of sportive activity takes into consideration the individual maternal risk profile and the risk potential of the exercise. Not only the type of sport, but also the intensity and duration of physical activity play an important role. Using the most recent research results and taking into consideration the existing guidelines, a practical outline for counseling pregnant women should be drawn up to answer the question: what is the right level of activity in pregnancy?
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Hutter, S. Sport und Schwangerschaft. Gynäkologe 46, 320–324 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-012-3101-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-012-3101-y