Skip to main content
Log in

Sport und Schwangerschaft

Das richtige Maß

Sport and pregnancy

The correct measure

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Gynäkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Der Nutzen von Bewegung und körperlicher Aktivität in der Schwangerschaft ist mittlerweile unumstritten. Regelmäßige sportliche Betätigung unterstützt nicht nur die gesunde Lebensführung in der Schwangerschaft und das Wohlbefinden der werdenden Mutter, sondern kann wohl auch das Risiko für Gestationsdiabetes oder Präeklampsie verringern bzw. sich positiv auf den Verlauf dieser Erkrankungen auswirken. Der Geburtsverlauf scheint ebenso von körperlicher Aktivität während der Schwangerschaft zu profitieren wie die Gewichtsentwicklung der Mutter. Die fetale Entwicklung und Sicherheit erleben durch die körperliche Belastung der Schwangeren zumeist keine Einschränkung, sofern bei der Wahl der Sportart das individuelle Risikoprofil und das Gefährdungspotenzial der Sportart berücksichtigt werden. Dabei spielen nicht nur die Sportart, sondern auch Intensität und Dauer der sportlichen Betätigung eine bedeutende Rolle. Anhand der neuesten Ergebnisse und bestehenden Leitlinien soll ein praktischer Leitfaden zur Beratung der schwangeren Patientin gezeichnet werden.

Abstract

The benefits of sufficient exercise and physical activity in pregnancy are now indisputable. Exercise for pregnant women on a regular basis not only supports a healthy lifestyle in pregnancy and maternal well being, but might also influence the incidence of gestational diseases, such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. It might also have a positive effect on the course of these diseases. Vaginal delivery appears to be positively affected by physical activity in pregnancy just like gestational weight gain. Fetal development and safety remain free of any restrictions provided that the choice of sportive activity takes into consideration the individual maternal risk profile and the risk potential of the exercise. Not only the type of sport, but also the intensity and duration of physical activity play an important role. Using the most recent research results and taking into consideration the existing guidelines, a practical outline for counseling pregnant women should be drawn up to answer the question: what is the right level of activity in pregnancy?

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  1. Diddle AW (1984) Interrelationship of pregnancy and athletic performance. J Tenn Med Assoc 77(5):265–269

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Pivarnik JM (1994) Maternal exercise during pregnancy. Sports Med 18(4):215–217

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hartmann S, Bung P (1999) Physical exercise during pregnancy – physiological considerations and recommendations. J Perinat Med 27(3):204–215

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ritchie JR (2003) Orthopedic considerations during pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 46(2):456–466

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Poudevigne MS, O’Connor PJ (2006) A review of physical activity patterns in pregnant women and their relationship to psychological health. Sports Med 36(1):19–38

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Price BB, Amini SB, Kappeler K (2012) Exercise in pregnancy: effect on fitness and obstetric outcomes – a randomized trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 44(12):2263–2269

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Gavard JA, Artal R (2008) Effect of exercise on pregnancy outcome. Clin Obstet Gynecol 51(2):467–480

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. May LE et al (2010) Aerobic exercise during pregnancy influences fetal cardiac autonomic control of heart rate and heart rate variability. Early Hum Dev 86(4):213–217

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Han S, Middleton P, Crowther CA (2012) Exercise for pregnant women for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7:CD009021

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Tobias DK et al (2011) Physical activity before and during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 34(1):223–229

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Nascimento SL, Surita FG, Cecatti JG (2012) Physical exercise during pregnancy: a systematic review. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 24(6):387–394

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hackett GA, Cohen-Overbeek T, Campbell S (1992) The effect of exercise on uteroplacental Doppler waveforms in normal and complicated pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol 79(6):919–923

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Genest DS et al (2012) Impact of exercise training on preeclampsia: potential preventive mechanisms. Hypertension 60(5):1104–1109

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lochmuller EM, Friese K (2005) Pregnancy and sports. MMW Fortschr Med 147(16):28–29, 31

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Balogh A (2005) Pilates and pregnancy. RCM Midwives 8(5):220–222

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Zavorsky GS, Longo LD (2011) Adding strength training, exercise intensity, and caloric expenditure to exercise guidelines in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 117(6):1399–1402

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Committee on Obstetric Practice (2002) ACOG committee opinion. Exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Number 267, January 2002. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 77(1):79–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ferraro ZM, Gaudet L, Adamo KB (2012) The potential impact of physical activity during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Obstet Gynecol Surv 67(2):99–110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Artal R, O’Toole M (2003) Guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists for exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Br J Sports Med 37(1):6–12 (discussion 12)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Salvesen KA, Hem E, Sundgot-Borgen J (2012) Fetal wellbeing may be compromised during strenuous exercise among pregnant elite athletes. Br J Sports Med 46(4):279–283

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Der Autor erklärt, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Hutter.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hutter, S. Sport und Schwangerschaft. Gynäkologe 46, 320–324 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-012-3101-y

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-012-3101-y

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation