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Multidetektor-CT bei abdominellen Notfällen

Multidetector computed tomography in abdominal emergencies

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Zusammenfassung

Abdominelle Notfälle beinhalten sowohl traumatische Ereignisse im Bereich des Bauchraums als auch den klinischen Begriff des „akuten Abdomens“. Die Darstellung solcher Notfälle mittels Multidetektor-Computertomographie (MDCT) ist eine leistungsfähige Methode zur Detektion und richtigen Diagnosefindung der abdominellen Notfälle. Die MDCT erlaubt eine stabile Bildgebung des Abdomens in extrem kurzer Zeit bei schwerkranken Patienten und zudem multiplanare Rekonstruktionen, basierend auf den akquirierten Rohdatensätzen mit der Möglichkeit, zusätzlich Befunde anschaulicher zu visualisieren. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden die MDCT-Charakteristika verschiedener abdomineller Notfälle der wichtigsten Organregionen des Abdomens, wie der Leber und der Gallenwege, des Pankreas, der Milz und der Niere sowie des Gastrointestinaltrakts erläutert. Dabei wird speziell auf die Multidetektor-CT-Technik der einzelnen Organregionen eingegangen.

Abstract

Abdominal emergencies encompass traumatic events in the region of the abdomen as well as the clinical term acute abdomen. Multidetector CT (MDCT) represents one of the most important imaging modalities for detection and correct diagnosis in such abdominal emergencies. Based on the acquired data MDCT allows a stable imaging of the abdomen in an extremely short time even in critically ill patients. Multiplanar reconstructions can be created based on the high resolution data allowing an impressive visualization of the pathology. In this review article the most important abdominal pathologies of the abdomen diagnosed by MDCT are presented with special emphasis on the liver, bile ducts, spleen and kidneys as well as the gastro-intestinal tract. Additionally, MDCT imaging of the individual organ regions will be dealt with in detail.

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  1. Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Deutschland

    N. Zorger &  A.G. Schreyer

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  1. N. Zorger
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  2. A.G. Schreyer
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Correspondence to N. Zorger or A.G. Schreyer.

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Zorger, N., Schreyer, A. Multidetektor-CT bei abdominellen Notfällen. Radiologe 49, 523–532 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-008-1809-4

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