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Über die kausale Beziehung zwischen Dissoziation und Trauma

Ein kritischer Überblick

The causal relation between dissociation and trauma

A critical overview

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Zusammenfassung

Dieser Beitrag liefert einen kritischen Überblick über den bislang wenig diskutierten Zusammenhang zwischen Trauma und Dissoziation. Studien, welche diesen untersuchen, werden präsentiert und Schwachpunkte aufgezeigt. Ferner werden verschiedene Persönlichkeitsmerkmale, die im Zusammenhang mit Dissoziation stehen untersucht und die Möglichkeit diskutiert, dass diese zum Auftreten von Scheinkorrelationen zwischen einem retrospektiv angegebenem Trauma und Dissoziationen führen (könnten). Wir kommen hierbei zum Ergebnis, dass der konstatierte Zusammenhang viel weniger offensichtlich und eindeutig ist, als bisher dargestellt wird. Den Abschluss unserer Überlegungen bilden Forschungsdesiderate.

Summary

This article discusses the accepted view that trauma causes dissociation. We critically evaluate studies that explored this relationship and discuss their shortcomings. In addition, individual differences related to dissociative experiences are discussed. In doing so, we focus on their potential to create pseudocorrelations between dissociative symptoms and self-reports of childhood trauma. After concluding that the causal link between trauma and dissociation is far from self-evident or empirically substantiated, we suggest some avenues for further research.

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Danksagung

Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand im Rahmen eines Projektes (Nr. 36.01.00.29N), welches von N.W.O. finanziell gefördert wurde. Wir danken Apl.-Prof. Dr. Arno Giesbrecht für seine Unterstützung.

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Giesbrecht, T., Merckelbach, H. Über die kausale Beziehung zwischen Dissoziation und Trauma. Nervenarzt 76, 20–27 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-004-1704-9

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