Literatur
Small H, Adams D, Casey AL, Crosby CT, Lambert PA, Elliott T (2008) Efficacy of Adding 2 % (w/v) Chlorhexidine Gluconate to 70 % (v/v) Isopropyl Alcohol for Skin Disinfection Prior to Peripheral Venous Cannulation. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 29(10):963–965
van der Mee-Marquet NL (2007) Efficacy and safety of a two-step method of skin preparation for peripheral intravenous catheter insertion: a prospective multi-centre randomised trial. BMC Anesthesiol 7:1
Aziz AM (2009) Improving peripheral IV cannula care: implementing high-impact interventions. Br J Nurs 18(20):1242–1246
Pujol M, Hornero A, Saballs M et al (2007) Clinical epidemiology and outcomes of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infections at a university-affiliated hospital. J Hosp Infect 67(1):22–29
O’Grady NP, Alexander M, Burns LA et al (2011) Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Am J Infect Control 39(4 Suppl 1):S1–34
Boyd S, Aggarwal I, Davey P, Logan M, Nathwani D (2011) Peripheral intravenous catheters: the road to quality improvement and safer patient care. J Hosp Infect 77(1):37–41
Zingg W, Pittet D (2009) Peripheral venous catheters: an under-evaluated problem. Int J Antimicrob Agents 34(Suppl 4):S38–42
Reilly J, Stewart S, Allardice G et al (2007) NHS Scotland national HAI prevalence survey. Final Report. Health Protection Scotland. , Glasgow
Kampf G, Reise G, James C, Gittelbauer K, Gosch J, Alpers B (2013) Improving patient safety during insertion of peripheral venous catheters: an observational intervention study. GMS Hyg Infect Control 8(2):Doc18
Morse L, McDonald M (2009) Failure of a poster-based educational programme to improve compliance with peripheral venous catheter care in a tertiary hospital. A clinical audit. J Hosp Infect 72(3):221–226
Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention (KRINKO) (2002) Prävention Gefäßkatheter-assoziierter Infektionen. Empfehlung der Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention am Robert Koch-Institut. Bundesgesundheitsbl 25(11):907–924
Curran E, Reilly J (2008) Optimising peripheral vascular catheter care offers the greatest potential for prevention of vascular-device-related infections. J Hosp Infect 69(3):307
Helm RE, Klausner JD, Klemperer JD, Flint LM, Huang E (2015) Accepted but unacceptable: peripheral IV catheter failure. J Infus Nurs 38(3):189–203
Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA (2008) CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control 36(5):309–332
Ezingeard E, Coudrot M, Guyomarc’h S et al (2009) Evaluation of colonisation of peripheral venous catheters inserted by prehospital emergency service teams (SMUR) in France. J Hosp Infect 72(2):169–175
Zhang L, Morrison M, Nimmo GR et al (2013) Molecular investigation of bacterial communities on the inner and outer surfaces of peripheral venous catheters. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 32(8):1083–1090
Crnich CJ, Maki DG (2002) The promise of novel technology for the prevention of intravascular device-related bloodstream infection. I. Pathogenesis and short-term devices. Clin Infect Dis 34(9):1232–1242
Trinh TT, Chan PA, Edwards O et al (2011) Peripheral venous catheter-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 32(6):579–583
Flinterman LE, Van Der Meer FJ, Rosendaal FR, Doggen CJ (2008) Current perspective of venous thrombosis in the upper extremity. J Thromb Haemost 6(8):1262–1266
Coello R, Charlett A, Ward V et al (2003) Device-related sources of bacteraemia in English hospitals-opportunities for the prevention of hospital-acquired bacteraemia. J Hosp Infect 53(1):46–57
Maki DG, Kluger DM, Crnich CJ (2006) The risk of bloodstream infection in adults with different intravascular devices: a systematic review of 200 published prospective studies. Mayo Clin Proc 81(9):1159–1171
Wilson D, Verklan MT, Kennedy KA (2007) Randomized trial of percutaneous central venous lines versus peripheral intravenous lines. J Perinatol 27(2):92–96
Bruno M, Brennan D, Redpath MB et al (2011) Peripheral-venous-catheter-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a multi-factorial approach to reducing incidence. J Hosp Infect 79(2):173–174
Honda H, Krauss MJ, Jones JC, Olsen MA, Warren DK (2010) The value of infectious diseases consultation in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Am J Med 123(7):631–637
Corey GR (2009) Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections: definitions and treatment. Clin Infect Dis 48(Suppl 4):254–259
Rieg S, Peyerl-Hoffmann G, de With K et al (2009) Mortality of S. aureus bacteremia and infectious diseases specialist consultation – a study of 521 patients in Germany. J Infect 59(4):232–239
Thomas MG, Morris AJ (2005) Cannula-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: outcome in relation to treatment. Intern Med J 35(6):319–330
Fowler VG Jr., Justice A, Moore C et al (2005) Risk factors for hematogenous complications of intravascular catheter-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 40(5):695–703
Chu VH, Crosslin DR, Friedman JY et al (2005) Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients with prosthetic devices: costs and outcomes. Am J Med 118(12):1416
Lalani T, Chu VH, Grussemeyer CA et al (2008) Clinical outcomes and costs among patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and orthopedic device infections. Scand J Infect Dis 40(11–12):973–977
Barlow G, Palniappan S, Mukherjee R, Jones M, Nathwani D (2002) Unnecessary peripheral intravenous catheterisation on an acute medical admissions unit: a preliminary study. Eur J Intern Med 13(6):380
Goddard L, Clayton S, Peto TE, Bowler IC (2006) The „just-in-case venflon“: effect of surveillance and feedback on prevalence of peripherally inserted intravascular devices. J Hosp Infect 64(4):401–402
Thomas A, Hayes P, Lockie T, Harrington D (2006) Venflons: why can’t we resist putting them in? J Hosp Infect 63(1):108–109
Au AK, Rotte MJ, Grzybowski RJ, Ku BS, Fields JM (2012) Decrease in central venous catheter placement due to use of ultrasound guidance for peripheral intravenous catheters. Am J Emerg Med 30(9):1950–1954
Shokoohi H, Boniface K, McCarthy M et al (2013) Ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous access program is associated with a marked reduction in central venous catheter use in noncritically ill emergency department patients. Ann Emerg Med 61(2):198–203
Ricard JD, Salomon L, Boyer A et al (2013) Central or peripheral catheters for initial venous access of ICU patients: a randomized controlled trial. Crit Care Med 41(9):2108–2115
Salgueiro-Oliveira A, Parreira P, Veiga P (2012) Incidence of phlebitis in patients with peripheral intravenous catheters: The influence of some risk factors. Austral J Adv Nurs 30(2):32–39
Garland JS, Buck RK, Maloney P et al (1995) Comparison of 10 % povidone-iodine and 0.5 % chlorhexidine gluconate for the prevention of peripheral intravenous catheter colonization in neonates: a prospective trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J 14(6):510–516
Garland JS, Dunne WM Jr., Havens P et al (1992) Peripheral intravenous catheter complications in critically ill children: a prospective study. Pediatrics 89(6):1145–1150
Garland JS, Nelson DB, Cheah TE, Hennes HH, Johnson TM (1987) Infectious complications during peripheral intravenous therapy with Teflon catheters: a prospective study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 6(10):918–921
Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention (KRINKO) (2011) Anforderungen an die Hygiene bei Injektionen und Punktionen. Empfehlung der Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention beim Robert Koch-Institut (RKI). Bundesgesundheitsbl 54(9/10):1135–1144
Royal College of Physicians (RCP), Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC)(Eds)(2014) Prevention of intravascular catheter related infection in Ireland. Partial update of 2009. Summary of Recommendations.
Morris W, Heong TM (2008) Strategies for preventing peripheral intravenous cannula infection. Br J Nurs 17(19):S14–S21
(2016) Händehygiene in Einrichtungen des Gesundheitswesens. Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz 59(9):1189–1220
Hirschmann H, Fux L, Podusel J et al (2001) The influence of hand hygiene prior to insertion of peripheral venous catheters on the frequency of complications. J Hosp Infect 49(3):199–203
Tomford JW, Hershey CO, McLaren CE, Porter DK, Cohen DI (1984) Intravenous therapy team and peripheral venous catheter-associated complications. A prospective controlled study. Arch Intern Med 144(6):1191–1194
Soifer NE, Borzak S, Edlin BR, Weinstein RA (1998) Prevention of peripheral venous catheter complications with an intravenous therapy team: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med 158(5):473–477
Weinstein MP (2003) Blood culture contamination: persisting problems and partial progress. J Clin Microbiol 41(6):2275–2278
Grol R, Grimshaw J (2003) From best evidence to best practice: effective implementation of change in patients’ care. Lancet 362(9391):1225–1230
Maki DG, Ringer M (1987) Evaluation of dressing regimens for prevention of infection with peripheral intravenous catheters. Gauze, a transparent polyurethane dressing, and an iodophor-transparent dressing. JAMA 258(17):2396–2403
Frigerio S, Di Giulio P, Gregori D et al (2012) Managing peripheral venous catheters: an investigation on the efficacy of a strategy for the implementation of evidence-based guidelines. J Eval Clin Pract 18(2):414–419
Madeo M, Martin C, Nobbs A (1997) A randomized study comparing IV 3000 (transparent polyurethane dressing) to a dry gauze dressing for peripheral intravenous catheter sites. J Intraven Nurs 20(5):253–256
Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, New K (2015) Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8:CD007798
Marschall J, Mermel LA, Fakih M et al (2014) Strategies to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections in acute care hospitals: 2014 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 35(7):753–771
Romano S, Bourdier A, Parer S et al (2013) Peripheral venous catheter and bloodstream infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa after a contaminated preoperative shower. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 34(5):544–546
Fakih MG, Jones K, Rey JE et al (2013) Peripheral venous catheter care in the emergency department: education and feedback lead to marked improvements. Am J Infect Control 41(6):531–536
Fakih MG, Jones K, Rey JE et al (2012) Sustained improvements in peripheral venous catheter care in non-intensive care units: a quasi-experimental controlled study of education and feedback. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 33(5):449–455
Tsuchida T, Makimoto K, Toki M, Sakai K, Onaka E, Otani Y (2007) The effectiveness of a nurse-initiated intervention to reduce catheter-associated bloodstream infections in an urban acute hospital: an intervention study with before and after comparison. Int J Nurs Stud 44(8):1324–1333
Freixas N, Bella F, Limon E, Pujol M, Almirante B, Gudiol F (2013) Impact of a multimodal intervention to reduce bloodstream infections related to vascular catheters in non-ICU wards: a multicentre study. Clin Microbiol Infect 19(9):838–844
Bregenzer T, Conen D, Sakmann P, Widmer AF (1998) Is routine replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters necessary? Arch Intern Med 158(2):151–156
Rickard CM, Webster J, Wallis MC et al (2012) Routine versus clinically indicated replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters: a randomised controlled equivalence trial. Lancet 380(9847):1066–1074
Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard C, Hall J (2010) Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD007798
Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, New K (2013) Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4:CD007798
Rickard CM, McCann D, Munnings J, McGrail MR (2010) Routine resite of peripheral intravenous devices every 3 days did not reduce complications compared with clinically indicated resite: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Med 8:53
Lai KK (1998) Safety of prolonging peripheral cannula and i. v. tubing use from 72 hours to 96 hours. Am J Infect Control 26(1):66–70
Van Donk P, Rickard CM, McGrail MR, Doolan G (2009) Routine replacement versus clinical monitoring of peripheral intravenous catheters in a regional hospital in the home program: A randomized controlled trial. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 30(9):915–917
Collignon PJ (1994) Intravascular catheter associated sepsis: a common problem. The Australian Study on Intravascular Catheter Associated Sepsis. Med J Aust 161(6):374–378
Maki DG, Ringer M (1991) Risk factors for infusion-related phlebitis with small peripheral venous catheters. A randomized controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 114(10):845–854
Cicolini G, Manzoli L, Simonetti V et al (2014) Phlebitis risk varies by peripheral venous catheter site and increases after 96 hours: a large multi-centre prospective study. J Adv Nurs 70(11):2539–2549
Curran ET, Coia JE, Gilmour H, McNamee S, Hood J (2000) Multi-centre research surveillance project to reduce infections/phlebitis associated with peripheral vascular catheters. J Hosp Infect 46(3):194–202
Safdar N, McKinley LM, Davidson B, Broome C, Schenk J (2011) Recommendations to replace peripheral venous catheters every 72–96 hours: is a single reference enough? J Hosp Infect 79(2):172–173
Gura KM (2009) Is there still a role for peripheral parenteral nutrition? Nutr Clin Pract 24(6):709–717
Kuwahara T, Asanami S, Tamura T, Kaneda S (1998) Effects of pH and osmolality on phlebitic potential of infusion solutions for peripheral parenteral nutrition. J Toxicol Sci 23(1):77–85
Mestre Roca G, Berbel Bertolo C, Tortajada Lopez P et al (2012) Assessing the influence of risk factors on rates and dynamics of peripheral vein phlebitis: an observational cohort study. Med Clin (Barc) 139(5):185–191
Kerenyi M, Batai R, Juhasz V, Batai I (2004) Lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA) has an antibacterial effect in vitro. J Hosp Infect 56(1):75–76
Randolph AG, Cook DJ, Gonzales CA, Andrew M (1998) Benefit of heparin in peripheral venous and arterial catheters: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ (Clin Res Ed) 316(7136):969–975
Trautmann M, Dannecker G, Kretz F, Vochem M (2006) Intermittierende Spülung peripherer Venenverweilkanülen Pädiatrische Studien zur Verwendung von verdünntem Heparin vs. Kochsalzlösung. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 154(3):255–262
Simon A, Trautmann M (2008) Needleless connection valves-commentary from a clinical perspective. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 133(5):206–208
Trautmann M, Kreutzberger M, Bobic R, Regnath T (2012) Disinfection of a needleless connector with alcohol-based disinfectant wipes – an experimental study. Hyg Med 37(9):354–359
Pohl F, Hartmann W, Holzmann T, Gensicke S, Kolbl O, Hautmann MG (2014) Risk of infection due to medical interventions via central venous catheters or implantable venous access port systems at the middle port of a three-way cock: luer lock cap vs. luer access split septum system (Q-Syte). Bmc Infect Dis 14:41
Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) (2016) Zu spezifischen Fragen bezüglich Rekonstitution, Zubereitung und Applikation von Arzneimitteln und Infusionslösungen sowie zur Hautantiseptik – Bericht der Arbeitsgruppe KRINKO-BfArM-RKI. Epid Bull 20:173–178
Hasselberg D, Ivarsson B, Andersson R, Tingstedt B (2010) The handling of peripheral venous catheters – from non-compliance to evidence-based needs. J Clin Nurs 19(23–24):3358–3363
Sriupayo A, Inta N, Boonkongrat S et al (2014) Effectiveness of peripheral vascular catheter care bundle in the Pediatric Nursing Service, Chiang Mai University Hospital, Thailand. Chiang Mai Med J 53(2):63–73
Ahlqvist M, Bogren A, Hagman S et al (2006) Handling of peripheral intravenous cannulae: effects of evidence-based clinical guidelines. J Clin Nurs 15(11):1354–1361
D’Alessandro D, Agodi A, Auxilia F et al (2014) Prevention of healthcare associated infections: medical and nursing students’ knowledge in Italy. Nurse Educ Today 34(2):191–195
Scheithauer S, Haefner H, Schwanz T et al (2012) Hand hygiene in medical students: performance, education and knowledge. Int J Hyg Environ Health 215(5):536–539
Saint S, Kowalski CP, Banaszak-Holl J, Forman J, Damschroder L, Krein SL (2010) The importance of leadership in preventing healthcare-associated infection: results of a multisite qualitative study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 31(9):901–907
Zingg W, Imhof A, Maggiorini M, Stocker R, Keller E, Ruef C (2009) Impact of a prevention strategy targeting hand hygiene and catheter care on the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections. Crit Care Med 37(7):2167–2173
Meier PA, Fredrickson M, Catney M, Nettleman MD (1998) Impact of a dedicated intravenous therapy team on nosocomial bloodstream infection rates. Am J Infect Control 26(4):388–392
Miller JM, Goetz AM, Squier C, Muder RR (1996) Reduction in nosocomial intravenous device-related bacteremias after institution of an intravenous therapy team. J Intraven Nurs 19(2):103–106
Krein SL, Damschroder LJ, Kowalski CP, Forman J, Hofer TP, Saint S (2010) The influence of organizational context on quality improvement and patient safety efforts in infection prevention: a multi-center qualitative study. Soc Sci Med 71(9):1692–1701
Mermel LA, Allon M, Bouza E et al (2009) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 49(1):1–45
Johansson ME, Pilhammar E, Khalaf A, Willman A (2008) Registered nurses’ adherence to clinical guidelines regarding peripheral venous catheters: a structured observational study. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 5(3):148–159
Ahlqvist M, Berglund B, Wiren M, Klang B, Johansson E (2009) Accuracy in documentation – a study of peripheral venous catheters. J Clin Nurs 18(13):1945–1952
Forberg U, Johansson E, Ygge BM, Wallin L, Ehrenberg A (2012) Accuracy in documentation of peripheral venous catheters in paediatric care: an intervention study in electronic patient records. J Clin Nurs 21(9–10):1339–1344
Heinrich I, Gessner S, Wegner C, Heidecke CD, Kramer A (2013) Prospective pilot study on the incidence of infections caused by peripheral venous catheters at a general surgical ward. GMS Hyg Infect Control 8(1):Doc06
O’Grady NP, Alexander M, Dellinger EP et al (2002) Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Pediatrics 110(5):e51
Safdar N, O’Horo JC, Maki DG (2013) Arterial catheter-related bloodstream infection: incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors and prevention. J Hosp Infect 85(3):189–195
Esteve F, Pujol M, Perez XL et al (2011) Bacteremia related with arterial catheter in critically ill patients. J Infect 63(2):139–143
Lucet JC, Bouadma L, Zahar JR et al (2010) Infectious risk associated with arterial catheters compared with central venous catheters. Crit Care Med 38(4):1030–1035
Traore O, Liotier J, Souweine B (2005) Prospective study of arterial and central venous catheter colonization and of arterial- and central venous catheter-related bacteremia in intensive care units. Crit Care Med 33(6):1276–1280
Koh DB, Gowardman JR, Rickard CM, Robertson IK, Brown A (2008) Prospective study of peripheral arterial catheter infection and comparison with concurrently sited central venous catheters. Crit Care Med 36(2):397–402
Gowardman JR, Lipman J, Rickard CM (2010) Assessment of peripheral arterial catheters as a source of sepsis in the critically ill: a narrative review. J Hosp Infect 75(1):12–18
Hammarskjold F, Berg S, Hanberger H, Malmvall BE (2010) Low incidence of arterial catheter infections in a Swedish intensive care unit: risk factors for colonisation and infection. J Hosp Infect 76(2):130–134
Lorente L, Jimenez A, Martin MM et al (2011) Lower incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection in cubital than in femoral artery access. Scand J Infect Dis 43(10):814–817
Handlogten KS, Wilson GA, Clifford L, Nuttall GA, Kor DJ (2014) Brachial artery catheterization: an assessment of use patterns and associated complications. Anesth Analg 118(2):288–295
Rajaram SS, Desai NK, Kalra A et al (2013) Pulmonary artery catheters for adult patients in intensive care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD003408
Cobb DK, High KP, Sawyer RG et al (1992) A controlled trial of scheduled replacement of central venous and pulmonary-artery catheters. N Engl J Med 327(15):1062–1068
Mermel LA, Maki DG (1994) Infectious complications of Swan-Ganz pulmonary artery catheters. Pathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, and management. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 149(4 Pt 1):1020–1036
Rupp SM, Apfelbaum JL, Blitt C et al (2012) Practice guidelines for central venous access: a report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Central Venous Access. Anesthesiology 116(3):539–573
O’Horo JC, Maki DG, Krupp AE, Safdar N (2014) Arterial catheters as a source of bloodstream infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 42(6):1334–1339
Ethics declarations
Interessenkonflikt
Diese Empfehlungen wurden ehrenamtlich und ohne Einflussnahme kommerzieller Interessengruppen im Auftrag der Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention erarbeitet von Christine Geffers, Axel Kramer, Simone Scheithauer, Sebastian Schulz-Stübner, Arne Simon (Leiter der Arbeitsgruppe), Heidemarie Suger-Wiedeck und Matthias Trautmann. Die Empfehlung wurde durch die Arbeitsgruppe vorbereitet und nach ausführlicher Diskussion in der Kommission abgestimmt.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Prävention von Infektionen, die von Gefäßkathetern ausgehen. Bundesgesundheitsbl 60, 207–215 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-016-2488-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-016-2488-3