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Transkulturelle Aspekte der Depression

Transcultural aspects of depression

  • Leitthema: Depression
  • Published:
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Lange Zeit wurde angenommen, dass depressive Erkrankungen ein klassisch westliches, für die Industriestaaten spezifisches Problem seien. Jedoch zeigte eine Untersuchung der Weltbank bereits 1993, dass die Depression in Entwicklungsländern bereits an fünfter Stelle in der Liste der Erkrankungen stand, die den stärksten Teil zum Global Burden of Disease (GBD) beitragen. Affekt- und Verhaltensstörungen sowie somatische Beschwerden stellen die 3 zentralen Symptomkategorien der Depression dar. In westlichen Kulturen gilt die Störung des Affektes als Hauptmerkmal einer Depression, in anderen Kulturen können andere Symptome im Vordergrund stehen. Für eine optimale Behandlung ist es wichtig, dass die Behandelnden den kulturellen Hintergrund ihrer Patienten bei Diagnostik und Therapie beachten. Zu den Zielen der transkulturellen Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie zählt nicht nur die Entwicklung kulturadäquater Behandlungskonzepte und Einrichtungen, sondern auch die Erweiterung des Wissens über die Psychopathologie und Epidemiologie psychischer Erkrankungen in Migrantengruppen sowie die Untersuchung der Nutzung von Versorgungsmöglichkeiten durch diese.

Abstract

For many decades it was assumed that depressive disorders are mainly a problem of Western societies. However, a World Bank report published in 1993 revealed that Major Depression is already the fifth leading contributor to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) among women in developmentally disadvantaged countries. The core symptoms of depression are disorders of affect, conduct and somatic complaints. In Western societies, the key symptom of depression is regarded to be a disorder of affect. However, in other cultural settings, different symptoms may be more central for depression. Nowadays mental health specialists have regular contact with patients from different cultural backgrounds. In order to achieve optimal results in diagnosing and treating mental disorders, it is important to consider the cultural background of a patient and her or his explanatory model of the disease. Transcultural psychiatry and psychotherapy aims at developing culturesensitive concepts for treatment and mental health services and tries to increase insight in culture-related psychopathology and epidemiology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Berlin, BRD

    M. C. Aichberger, M. Schouler-Ocak & M. A. Rapp

  2. Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BRD

    Andreas Heinz

  3. Direktor der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, BRD

    Andreas Heinz

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  1. M. C. Aichberger
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  2. M. Schouler-Ocak
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  3. M. A. Rapp
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  4. Andreas Heinz
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Correspondence to Andreas Heinz.

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Aichberger, M.C., Schouler-Ocak, M., Rapp, M.A. et al. Transkulturelle Aspekte der Depression. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 51, 436–442 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-008-0512-y

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