Zusammenfassung
Massenanfälle mit einer Vielzahl von Kindern und Jugendlichen sind glücklicherweise insgesamt selten; die Erfahrungen sind somit sowohl in der medizinischen wie psychosozialen Notfallversorgung vergleichsweise gering. Kinder stellen eine vulnerable Gruppe dar und sind insbesondere gefährdet, im Zusammenhang mit dem Erleben von Unglücken im Nachgang eine posttraumatische Belastungsstörung zu entwickeln. Es erfolgte eine selektive Literaturrecherche in MEDLINE. Im Ergebnis muss bei Schadensereignissen mit einer Vielzahl von Kindern und Jugendlichen neben der medizinischen Versorgung auch ein frühzeitiger Ansatz der psychosozialen Notfallversorgung erfolgen. Dementsprechend ist es sinnvoll, derartige Strukturen in die Einsatzkonzepte zu integrieren. Ein spezieller Sichtungsalgorithmus für Kinder konnte sich bisher nicht durchsetzen, aufgrund der physiologischen und anatomischen Besonderheiten sollten aber entsprechende medizinische Versorgungskonzepte vorgehalten werden. Weiterhin müssen sich Krankenhäuser auf die Patientengruppe in geeigneter Weise einstellen.
Abstract
Fortunately, mass casualty incidents involving a large number of children and adolescents are rare and the experience in this field, both in terms of medical as well as psychosocial emergency care is comparatively low. Children represent a vulnerable group and have a particularly high risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder in the aftermath of experiencing disasters. A selective literature search was carried out in Medline. The peculiarity of damaging events with a large number of children and adolescents affected is that in addition to emergency medical care, an early approach to psychosocial emergency care must be provided. Accordingly, it makes sense to integrate such structures into the respective deployment concepts. A specific screening algorithm for children could so far not prevail but due to the physiological and anatomical characteristics appropriate emergency medical care concepts should be provided. Furthermore, hospitals must adapt to this patient group in a suitable manner.
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F. Breuer, S.K. Beckers und S. Poloczek geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.
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Breuer, F., Beckers, S.K. & Poloczek, S. Massenanfälle von Verletzten und Anschläge mit einer Vielzahl von Kindern und Jugendlichen – Überblick über Handlungsempfehlungen und Herausforderungen. Anaesthesist 68, 476–482 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-019-0626-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-019-0626-7