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Macrophages pp 45–60Cite as

Hofbauer Cells: Placental Macrophages of Fetal Origin

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Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 62))

Abstract

Pregnancy complications such as preterm birth, miscarriage, maternal and/or neonatal morbidities, and mortality can be manifestations of underlying placental pathology. Hofbauer cells refer to a heterogeneous population of fetal macrophages that reside within the functional unit of the placenta known as the chorionic villus. Hofbauer cells can be detected within the connective tissue matrix of the placenta as early as 4 weeks post-conception and are present throughout pregnancy. These cells are implicated in a wide array of functions important for a successful pregnancy including placental morphogenesis, immune regulation, control of stromal water content, and the transfer of ions and serum proteins across the maternal–fetal barrier. Derangements in Hofbauer cell homeostasis are associated with placental pathologies involving infection, inflammation, and inadequate placental development. Despite a growing body of evidence that these cells are important, our knowledge about Hofbauer cell function in both normal and dysfunctional pregnancy is rudimentary. The goal of this chapter is to provide an overview of what is known about Hofbauer cell origins and their potential roles in normal and complicated pregnancy. We also review established and emerging methodologies available for the study of Hofbauer cells during in vitro and in vivo conditions.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Wisconsin National Primate Research Center P510D011106-55 pilot award and University of Wisconsin—Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine faculty start-up funds. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis; decision to publish; or preparation of this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Leticia Reyes

  2. Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, USA

    Bryce Wolfe & Thaddeus Golos

  3. Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, USA

    Bryce Wolfe & Thaddeus Golos

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  1. Leticia Reyes
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  2. Bryce Wolfe
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  3. Thaddeus Golos
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Correspondence to Leticia Reyes .

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  1. Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA

    Malgorzata Kloc

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Reyes, L., Wolfe, B., Golos, T. (2017). Hofbauer Cells: Placental Macrophages of Fetal Origin. In: Kloc, M. (eds) Macrophages. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 62. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54090-0_3

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