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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 7/2018

04.09.2018 | Themenschwerpunkt

Altgewordene Suchtkranke

verfasst von: Dr. Dirk K. Wolter

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie | Ausgabe 7/2018

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Zusammenfassung

In den letzten 20 Jahren ist eine deutliche Zunahme von Suchterkrankungen im höheren Lebensalter zu beobachten, die sich fortsetzen wird. Dabei unterscheidet man häufig zwischen einem frühen und einem späten Beginn („early onset“ [EO] vs. late onset [LO]). Early-onset-Suchtkranke sind aufgrund konstitutioneller und psychosozialer Vorbelastungen in einer ungünstigeren Ausgangsposition und werden durch die kumulierenden medizinischen, psychischen und sozialen Folgeerscheinungen im Verlauf der Suchterkrankung weiter geschädigt. Im höheren Alter sind sie gegenüber Gleichaltrigen mit LO-Suchtproblemen im Nachteil, durch mehr und schwerere chronische Krankheiten, psychische Komorbidität, geringere persönliche und soziale Ressourcen, eher dysfunktionale Problembewältigungsstrategien sowie soziale Probleme. Ihre Therapieadhärenz ist geringer und die Behandlung wegen der Kombination aus suchttypischen Verhaltensweisen, psychischer Komorbidität, somatischen Erkrankungen sowie in vielen Fällen vorliegenden kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen schwierig. Therapieziele müssen sehr individuell formuliert werden; Abstinenz als Maximalziel ist nur selten realistisch. Auch die Behandlung muss sehr individuell und oft unkonventionell durchgeführt werden. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die besonderen Merkmale von Verlauf, Symptomatik und Folgeproblemen bei EO-Suchtkranken, die das höhere Lebensalter erreicht haben. Dabei werden Alkohol, Medikamente, illegale Drogen und das Rauchen, aber auch Verhaltenssüchte berücksichtigt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Altgewordene Suchtkranke
verfasst von
Dr. Dirk K. Wolter
Publikationsdatum
04.09.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie / Ausgabe 7/2018
Print ISSN: 0948-6704
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-018-1440-6

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