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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 7/2016

01.10.2016 | Beiträge zum Themenschwerpunkt

Adipositas im Alter und ihre Bedeutung für Funktionalität und Frailty

verfasst von: Julia Wojzischke, MSc Ernährungswissenschaften, Rebecca Diekmann, Jürgen M. Bauer

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie | Ausgabe 7/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Im höheren Lebensalter ist ein höherer Body Mass Index (BMI) mit der altersbezogen geringsten Mortalität assoziiert. Der BMI-Bereich von 25–30 kg/m2, der laut WHO als Übergewicht eingestuft wird – kann im Alter als Normalgewicht gelten. Dennoch ist Adipositas gerade im höheren Lebensalter mit einem gesteigerten Risiko für eine Verschlechterung der körperlichen Funktionalität und für Behinderung assoziiert. Auch für Frailty konnte diese Beziehung zur Adipositas nachgewiesen werden. Daher kann unter funktionellen Gesichtspunkten bei BMI-Werten über 30 kg/m2 eine Gewichtsabnahme sinnvoll sein. Eine diesbezügliche Entscheidung kann jedoch nicht allein auf Basis des individuellen BMI-Werts gefällt werden. Sie sollte den funktionellen Status, die Körperzusammensetzung, die Komorbiditäten und insbesondere die Lebensperspektive der Patientin bzw. des Patienten einbeziehen. Erfolgt eine Gewichtsreduktion, muss diese immer unter strenger ärztlicher Kontrolle mit optimierter Proteinzufuhr, sorgfältig kalkulierter moderater Kalorienreduktion und adäquatem körperlichem Training erfolgen. Bei chronisch kranken, älteren Patienten ist eine Gewichtsreduktion nicht indiziert. Restriktive Diäten jedweder Art sind im Alter prinzipiell kritisch zu werten, da bei auch temporär unzureichender Energiezufuhr ein beschleunigter Abbau an Muskel- und Knochenstruktur droht.
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Metadaten
Titel
Adipositas im Alter und ihre Bedeutung für Funktionalität und Frailty
verfasst von
Julia Wojzischke, MSc Ernährungswissenschaften
Rebecca Diekmann
Jürgen M. Bauer
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2016
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie / Ausgabe 7/2016
Print ISSN: 0948-6704
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-016-1133-y

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